Best Micro Four Thirds Slr Camera Lenses in 2025
Daisy
Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025
Daisy
Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025
* PickSmartly editors independently research, review, and endorse the top products through comprehensive data analysis. We may earn a commission for qualifying purchases made through our product links.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
F mount lens/DX format. Picture angle with Nikon DX format 44 degree
52.5 millimeter (35-millimeter equivalent). Rear focusing; Manual focus override
Aperture range: F/1.8 to 22; Dimensions(approx.) 70 x 52.5 millimeter
Silent wave motor AF system. Accepts filter type is screw on. Lens construction: 8 elements in 6 groups
Compatible formats is dx and fx in dx crop mode. Maximum reproduction ratio: 0.16x
Lens not zoomable
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
50 millimeter focal length and maximum aperture of f/1.8
Great for portraits, action, and nighttime photography; Angle of view (horizontal, vertical, diagonal): 40º, 27º,46º
Minimum focusing distance of 1.15 feet (0.35 meter) and a maximum magnification of 0.21x
Stepping motor (STM) delivers near silent, continuous move Servo AF for movies and smooth AF for stills
80 millimetre effective focal length on APS C cameras, 50 millimetre on full frame cameras. Lens construction: 6 elements in 5 groups
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pretty Perfect Studio | 7.99 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
😍 SPEEDY SERVICE: Get your custom design in 24 hours or less! Click ' Customize Now ' to begin.
🎬 FULLY PERSONALIZED CANVAS wall art will take your family theater movie room to the next level!
🏆 "EXPECT SUPERB QUALITY"..."PRICELESS!" Your artwork masterpiece will be professionally graphic designed & then printed onto premium quality canvas for a one-of-a-kind heirloom gift that's sure to be loved by all.
🖼️ LIGHTWEIGHT & READY-TO-HANG: Each canvas arrives with pre-installed hanging hardware & is ready to hang, right out of the package. Available in both unframed & floating wood framed options, with several frame colors to choose from.
✔️ HANDMADE IN THE USA: Each item is built, printed, packaged & shipped right here in the USA. You can expect your order to look exactly as the final art proof that you get to review & approve. Click 'Customize Now' to get started!
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
105mm Z-mount close-up macro lens with unparalleled clarity, featuring f/2.8 aperture.
Full 1:1 reproduction ratio resolves the finest detail.
4.5 stop Vibration Reduction provides stabilization for confident hand-held shooting.
Multi-focus system reduces chromatic aberration and color fringing common among macro lenses.
New light-weight design for ease of use.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Compact F1.2 prime lens w/ awe-inspiring G Master resolution and bokeh
F1.2 max aperture for extraordinary shallow depth of field
Three (XA) Extreme Aspheric elements for stunning resolution
11-blade circular aperture contributes to gorgeous bokeh
Compact, lightweight design: Ideal for both full-frame and APS-C2
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
NIKKOR Z 20mm f/1. 8 S lens features a wide f/1.8 apertures
Lens features advanced Nikon technologies, including ED glass elements and Nano Crystal Coat
Lens incorporates an all-new multi-focusing system for fast, accurate autofocusing
Mounting Type: Nikon Z
Compatible with over 360 F-mount Nikkor lenses and Teleconverter
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Package Dimensions: 17.78 cms (L) x 19.05 cms (W) x 26.035 cms (H)
Product Type: Camera Lenses
Package Quantity: 1
Country Of Origin: Japan
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Wide F1.8 maximum aperture enables beautiful defocusing effects
9-Blade circular aperture creates beautiful round defocused bokeh
ED glass element for corner-to-corner sharpness
Double Linear motor system for fast, quiet and precise focusing. The maximum magnification ratio is 0.13 and the angle of view is 29 degree
Direct control w/ customizable focus hold button and AF/MF switch.35 mm equivalent focal length (APS-C):127.5
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Focus Camera LLC | 9.89 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
150-600mm F5-6.3 DG OS HSM / C
Minimum focusing distance : 280 cm/110.2 inches, focal length :150-600mm. Diaphragm blades: 9
First hyper-telephoto zoom from the Contemporary line, Dust proof and splash proof mount95mm filter
Lightweight & compact in construction for higher usability.SIGMA TELE CONVERTER TC-1401 and TC-2001 are dedicated to Tele Converter lenses, which should be used with only listed lenses.The converter cannot be attached to the camera and lens whose mount is different.Do not use the SIGMA TELE CONVERTER on top of another SIGMA TELE CONVERTER, or any other kinds of converters.
Water and oil repellent coating on front glass element makes maintenance of the lens surface easier
Weight : 1930g/ 68oz.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PhoenixPhoto | 5.85 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
Featuring compact design, Light weight and outstanding image quality offered in sigma’s contemporary line
N addition, this lens is characterized by smooth and quiet autofocus ideal for video shooting. Compatible with the Sony E mount fast Hybrid AF, it also achieves precise AF tracking.
By using the face recognition or eye AF functions of the camera, focus Will continuously be on the face or the eye even if the subject Moves during the shoot.
Max Focal Length: 19.7 Mm. Angle of View (DC) 28.5º
Lens Type: Full Frame
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
100 millimeter focal length and 1:2.8 maximum aperture. The EF1.4X II; EF2X II extenders cannot be used with this lens. There are no compatible close-up lenses
Lens construction consists of 15 elements in 12 groups
23.4-Degree diagonal angle of view
Inner focusing system with USM and full-time manual focus option. Closest focusing distance 0.99 feet; 0.3 meter (maximum close-up magnification: 1x)
67 millimetre filter size. Filter Size: 58 millimetre. Lens hood: ET-73
Compatible with 67 millimeter filters
Canon's first mid-telephoto macro "L" series lens to include Canon's sophisticated Image Stabilization
Near-silent Ultrasonic focusing
Enjoy life-size close-up capabilities without an adapter
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
High magnification, compact and lightweight EF-S telephoto zoom lens with Image Stabilization for up to 3.5 equivalent stops of shake correction. Based on CIPA (Camera & Imaging Products Association) standards. Testing performed using EOS 7D at focal length of 250 millimeter (400 millimeter in 35 millimeter equivalence).
One UD lens element reduces chromatic aberration throughout the zoom range, for excellent image quality with high resolution and contrast.
New six-group zoom system provides a compact design while achieving a maximum magnification of 0.29x at the telephoto end.
Minimum focusing distance: 2.79 feet; 0.85 meter (full zoom range).
Kit Inlcudes lens, lens cap E-58II, lens dust cap E, instruction book, warranty card
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
85 millimetre standard lens with f 1.8 maximum aperture for Canon SLR cameras, Lens Type:Telephoto Zoom Lens
Ring-type ultra-sonic monitor (USM) brings subject quickly into focus, Focal length: 85 millimetre, closest focusing distance: 2.8 feet
Natural angle of view and perspective is ideal for portraits and natural images
Designed to produce beautiful background blur; weighs 15 ounces
Measures 3 inches in diameter and 2.8 inches long; 1-year warranty. Refer User manual for troubleshooting steps.
Lens not zoomable
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Built-in Optical SteadyShot image stabilization and 7-blade circular aperture for beautiful defocus effects
Minimum Focus Distance : 1.28 ft (0.39 m), Maximum Magnification ratio : 0.16x, Focal-Length : 50 mm and filter diameter (mm) is 49 mm
Large F1.8 maximum aperture enables beautiful defocusing effects. Angle of View (APS-C) : 32°
"Compact, lightweight mid-range telephoto prime with elegant aluminum alloy exterior.Diaphragm Blades 7, Rounded"
In-the-box: Hood (ALC-SH116), Lens front cap, Lens rear cap
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabrian's | 7.09 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
Designed specifically for APS-C sized sensors and the Pentax K-mount cameras.
Internal focusing and zooming allows for more usability and functionality
Minimum Focusing Distance 28 cm/ 11.0 in
The 18-35mm is ideal for landscapes, portraits, still life, snap shots, casual, and close-ups
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digital Village | 9.60 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Compatible with Sony E mount cameras
Perfect for nature & event photography
Large f/1.4 aperture for superb lowlight performance
Compact size makes it very portable
Fully accommodates Fast Hybrid AF
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Best Seller Deals | 6.52 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
50mm focal length
75mm equivalent focal length on APS-C cameras, 80mm equivalent focal length on Canon APS-C cameras
F1.4 maximum aperture; F16 minimum
Ring-type ultrasonic-type AF motor with full-time manual focusing
77mm filters.Angle of View (35mm):46.8°
Aperture Range: f/1.4 to f/16.
Hyper Sonic AF Motor.
Three Special Low Dispersion Elements.
Floating System & Large Diameter Design
Compatible with Sigma USB Dock.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Compact, Lightweight Fixed 50 millimeter Focal Length Lens.
Large F, 1.8 Aperture for Low-Light Photography and Creative Background Blur
A Stepping Motor (Gear-Type STM) Provides Smooth and Quiet Continuous AF During Video Recording, As Well As When Shooting Photos
Control Ring for Direct Setting Changes
Optimized Lens Placement and Coatings Help Deliver Outstanding Color Balance, While Minimizing Ghosting and Flare
Lens Compatible with the Mirrorless R System (EOS RP, EOS R, EOS R5, or EOS R6)
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JapanCameraFreak | 5.15 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
USA Version. 3 Year Tokina Warranty included. Intended for sale within the USA.
Aperture Range: f/2.8 to f/22 Designed for Cameras with APS-C Sensors
Two Aspheric Lens Elements Two Super-Low Dispersion Lens Elements
Multi-Layer Coating 77mm Filter Thread
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
SONY EMOUNT LENS: 35mm full frame format, instant auto / manual focus selection, focus hold button. The minimum focus distance is 0.38 meters
NATURAL, LIFELIKE IMAGERY: ED and Super ED glass elements deliver breathtaking texture and detail
REDUCED ABERRATION: Two aspherical elements and an extremely precise XA element maximize resolution
9 BLADE APERTURE: SEL2470GM lenses have a 9 blade circular aperture for a gorgeous book effect
NANO AR COATING: Allows for accurate light transmission to improve clarity, contrast and quality
SPECS: Aperture range f/2.8 to f/22, min focus distance 1.24 feet , max magnification ratio 0.24 x
MORE SPECS: Angle of view 84-34 deg. (APS-C 61-23 deg.), 35 mm equivalent focal length 36-105 mm
CAMERA COMPATIBILITY: Make sure this fits by first entering your camera's model number
IN THE BOX: Hood (ALC-SH141), lens front cap (ALC-F82S), lens rear cap (ALC-R1EM), lens case
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Outstanding g lens resolution throughout the Zoom range
5x ED (extra-low dispersion) glass elements Reduces flare & ghosting
Direct drive Supersonic Wave Motor for fast, quiet, precise focus
Aspherical lens element dramatically reduces spherical aberration
Nano AR coating suppresses Reflections, flare and ghosting
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
135mm W/ F1.8 Max aperture maintains exposure and depth of field
G master design for extraordinary sharpness and breathtaking bokeh
Xa, super ED and ED elements achieve edge-to-edge high resolution
11-Blade circular aperture contributes to gorgeous bokeh
Four XD (extreme dynamic) linear motors for fast, quiet, and precise focus
In-the-box: hood (alc-sh156) lens front cap: (alc-f82s) lens rear cap: (alc-r1em) case
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
World’s First Medium Telephoto Macro Lens with a Maximum Magnification of 1.4x.
High Image Quality and Bright, fixed f/2.8 Aperture Telephoto Macro RF Lens
Optical Image Stabilizer with up to 5 Stops of Shake Correction.
Hybrid IS Compensates for Angular and Shift Camera Shake during Macro Shooting.
Spherical Aberration (SA) Control Ring Allows Adjustments to Shape and Character of Foreground/Background Bokeh
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Camera compatibility: Compatible with FX and DX format Nikon Z series mirrorless (24mm-120mm on an FX format Z camera), (36mm – 180mm on a DX format Z camera).
Close focusing: Show the smallest details by getting as close as 1.15 ft. from your subject at any zoom position, including 120mm.
Autofocus: Autofocus is split between two high-speed, ultra-quiet STM stepping motors, enabling close focusing, edge-to-edge sharpness and virtually no color bleeding or focus breathing.
Custom control ring: Turn the ring on the lens to control, aperture, ISO or exposure compensation.
Dedicated manual focusing ring for smooth and precise manual focusing.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
High Performance L-series versatile Super-Telephoto Zoom RF Lens.
Optical Image Stabilization with up to 5 stops* of Shake Correction.
Three Image Stabilization Modes (Standard, Panning, and during exposure only) Provided for Creative Versatility.
High Speed, Smooth and Quiet Auto Focus with Dual Nano USM.
Minimum Focusing Distance of 3.0 ft. / 0.9 m**.
Lens compatible with Canon Full Frame Mirrorless Cameras (EOS RP, EOS R, EOS R5, EOS R6)
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
The full force of Sony’s latest lens technology brings stunning G Master resolution and exquisite bokeh together in the world’s lightest2 Full Frame F2.8 constant aperture Standard Zoom lens. With significantly evolved AF performance, the FE 24-70mm F2.8 GM OSS II can deliver the full potential of today’s advanced still and movie cameras.
Excellent contrast at high spatial frequencies means superb resolution even at F2.8. Two high-precision XA (extreme aspherical) elements, two ED (Extra-low dispersion) glass elements, two Super ED glass elements, and a floating focus mechanism control aberration, realize sharp, clear images at all zoom and aperture settings.
This lens is the smallest and lightest F2.8 24-70mm zoom in its class2. It weighs just 24.6 oz (695 g), over 20% less than the previous model. It is 16 mm shorter, and overall volume has been reduced by approximately 18%. Excellent mobility makes it a great choice for professional or enthusiast still or movie use in a wide range of situations.
Four of Sony’s original XD (extreme dynamic) Linear Motors, a floating focus mechanism, and advanced lens control achieve fast, precise and quiet AF with excellent tracking. Shoot at up to 30 frames per second3 or up to 4K 120p with a compatible camera body. A new aperture unit also contributes to high speed, enabling full AF tracking performance with the aperture stopped down4.
Advanced lens design reduces focus breathing, focus shift and axial shift when zooming. Image and angle of view shifts are minimized for smooth movie imagery. XD Linear Motors and a new aperture unit contribute to quiet, low-vibration operation. The breathing compensation function provided in compatible α series bodies is also supported5
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Japan | 5.10 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
Ideally suited for: Travel, sports, nature, low-light and portrait - equivalent to an 80-300 mm 35 mm lens
The dust and splash-proof telephoto lens is surprisingly easy to transport thanks to its compact design and shines with the highest image quality and ultra-fast focusing for razor-sharp images
The minimum focus distance of only 70 cm at all focal lengths ensures ideal close-up images from all shooting angles
Professional operation thanks to dedicated Fn button, manual focus clutch mechanism and automatic lens hood
Outstanding image quality, despite very compact design with pin-sharp images right up to the edges of the image.Ideal workmanship, high-quality metal bayonet and ideal close-up limit for tele-macro photography
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
G-lens design with 4 aspherical and 3 ED glass (extra-low Dispersion) elements, for high corner-to-corner resolving power throughout the entire zoom range
Constant F4 maximum aperture maintains exposure and depth of field throughout the Zoom range
9-Blade circular aperture contributes to beautifully de-focused backgrounds. Format - 35 mm full-frame. Lens Groups / Elements - 14–17
Minimum focusing distance of just 1. 25 feet provides close-up ability for an expansive range of expression
Sports Sony's unique DDSM (direct drive Super-sonic motor system) internal focusing system and a responsive manual focusing ring, for fast, quiet, and precise focusing
Focal Length (mm) : 24-105
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Constant f 2.8 Maximum Aperture throughout Entire Zoom Range.
Canon’s Air Sphere Coating (ASC) Minimizes Ghosting and Flare.
Optical Image Stabilization at up to 3.5 Stops of Shake Correction.
Fluorine Coating on Front and Rear Elements to Help Reduce Smears and Fingerprints.
Highly Resistant to Dust and Water, and Improved Durability Even in Harsh Conditions. Inner Focusing System with Ring Ultrasonic Motor. Full-time Manual Focus. One Fluorite Element and Five UD Elements for High Image Quality. Minimum Focusing Distance of 3.9 feet, 1.2 meter. Diagonal Angle of View: 34° - 12°
What's Included : EF70-200 millimeter f:2.8L IS III USM , Lens Cap E-77II, Lens Dust Cap E, Lens Hood ET-87, Lens Case LZ1326
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSskyz | 4.87 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
KIT INCLUDES 1 PRODUCTS -- All Items Include Manufacturer-supplied Accessories + Full USA Warranties:
[1] Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX AF-S Nikkor Lens - Factory Refurbished
Here is the list of top-rated brands that were evaluated by PM.
| Brand | Count |
|---|---|
| Nikon | 92 |
| Canon | 91 |
| Sigma | 76 |
| Tamron | 74 |
| Rokinon | 72 |
| Sony | 70 |
| Olympus | 44 |
| Opteka | 34 |
| Samyang | 34 |
| Zeiss | 27 |
We've carried out a comprehensive analysis of 433,105 reviews on slr camera lenses, using our selection criteria to identify the best options in the camera & photo. Our findings reveal that most customers typically select slr camera lenses priced around $715.58, with top brands including canon, nikon, tamron, meike and yongnuo and zeiss
Our team of expert editors reviewed these high-quality items and handpicked the top 30 slr camera lenses for your consideration. We've also done extensive research on numerous sellers, identifying the best ones in the camera & photo category. These include amazon.com, fast ship direct, zenith digital bay, yongnuo store, creax.japan, bh 52 innovations, port hole renewed, green's camera world and paging zone and bluegoosesales .
We are dedicated to assisting our users in finding the right lenses Products based on their needs, saving them considerable time when choosing which slr camera lenses to buy. We take pride in the number of satisfied users we've helped through our thorough and insightful reviews.
PickSmartly is dedicated to creating a platform designed to streamline your shopping experience, empowering you to make well-informed purchasing decisions with minimal time and effort. At the heart of our mission is the commitment to earning and maintaining the trust of our users, as we believe this to be fundamental to the services we provide.
When you engage with our websites, services, or tools, we or our approved service providers may utilize cookies to store information. This is done to enhance your user experience by making it more efficient, secure, and tailored to your preferences, as well as for marketing objectives.
We are an Amazon Associate and earn commissions from qualifying purchases. Our participation in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising initiative, provides us with a means to generate income through links to Amazon.com and its affiliated websites. Please note that Amazon, Amazon Prime, their logos, and the Amazon Prime logo are registered trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc., or its associated companies.
 #TOP18](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/21wlPHyNwcL._SL500_.jpg)
 #TOP1](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/31Cmb7pHvSL._SL500_.jpg)
 #TOP2](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/21pOn1RwJwL._SL500_.jpg)
 #TOP3](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/21qeWy6jRML._SL500_.jpg)
