Best Atombank Books in 2026
- Products Compared
- 38
- Avg PM Score
- 5.7
Our Top Picks for Atombank Books
The three top picks on this page — ranked by PM Score, our 0–10 measure built from the customer star rating and review volume.
Summary of the best Atombank Books of 2026
Mary Dyer Friend of Freedom (Big Biography)
Mary Dyer Friend of Freedom Biography by Atombank Books
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
History often forgets the quiet rebels who change the world through sheer conviction rather than military might. This biography from Atombank Books brings the life of Mary Dyer into sharp focus, offering a deep dive into a figure who stood at the intersection of faith and political defiance. While many historical accounts can feel dry or detached, this volume aims to provide a comprehensive look at her struggle for freedom. It is a substantial read for anyone interested in the complexities of early American social movements and the personal cost of standing against the status quo. At a very accessible price point, it serves as an excellent entry point for those looking to expand their understanding of historical figures who shaped the landscape of liberty.
Little Feminist Picture Book (Inspiring Children’s Books, Feminist Books for Kids, Children’s Social Activists Biographies)
Mudpuppy Little Feminist Inspiring Women Picture Book
- LEARN ABOUT INSPIRING WOMEN: The books include colorful yet simple illustrations of 25 inspiring women including Maya Angelou, Josephine Baker, Ella Fitzgerald, Cleopatra, Indira Gandhi, Hillary Clinton, Harriet Tubman, Rosa Parks, Amelia Earhart, Billie Jean King, and more!
- IDEAL FOR GROWING MINDS: At 52 pages long, the book has a hardcover with a soft-touch finish, perfect for small hands to grasp and manipulate. The book is 9.25 x 9.25”, perfect to add to your child’s bookshelf and bedtime routine.
- COLORFUL ILLUSTRATIONS & SIMPLE TEXT: With easy to process words by Yelena Moroz Alpert and colorful illustrations by Lydia Ortiz and Patrick Rafanan, this book is the perfect way to introduce young children to inspiring women.
- SHORT AND SWEET: Each page features one historic woman and a sentence about her legacy — just enough to give a glimpse of who she was. Children will love the quick pace of this vibrant-colored book.
- SCREEN-FREE FUN: For over 25 years, Mudpuppy has created quality non-digital puzzles, games and toys for families that facilitate creative play and imaginative thinking. All Mudpuppy products adhere to CPSIA, ASTM, and CE Safety Regulations.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Bedtime stories often feel rushed, but this vibrant hardcover turns a quick nightly routine into a powerful moment of discovery. Instead of long, dense biographies, this book offers a fast-paced journey through the lives of 25 trailblazers like Rosa Parks, Amelia Earhart, and Maya Angelou. The 9.25 x 9.25-inch format feels substantial in a child's hands, thanks to a premium soft-touch finish that survives constant handling. Yelena Moroz Alpert’s simple text paired with the colorful artwork by Lydia Ortiz and Patrick Rafanan makes complex legacies easy for young minds to digest. It is a refreshing, screen-free way to introduce social activism and historical significance through bite-sized, engaging snapshots that spark immediate curiosity.
The Story of Fred Rogers: A Biography Book for New Readers (The Story Of: A Biography Series for New Readers)
The Story of Fred Rogers Biography for New Readers
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Young readers often struggle to engage with complex historical figures when the text is too dense or intimidating. Rockridge Press solves this by bridging the gap between picture books and full-length biographies with this accessible title. I found that this installment of the Biography Series for New Readers makes the life of Fred Rogers approachable without sacrificing the substance of his impact on children's television. It is a thoughtful way to introduce early learners to the concept of real-life heroes through manageable, age-appropriate storytelling. At a very reasonable price point, it serves as an excellent tool for parents and educators looking to foster a love for reading while teaching meaningful life lessons.
Funny Farm: My Unexpected Life with 600 Rescue Animals
Funny Farm: My Unexpected Life with 600 Rescue Animals
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Funny Farm offers a chaotic, heartwarming plunge into animal rescue that most memoirs fail to capture with such raw energy. Instead of a polished, sanitized look at farm life, this book delivers the unfiltered reality of managing a massive, unpredictable menagerie. You aren't just reading about pets. You are stepping into a whirlwind of 600 different personalities, each with its own quirks and demands. It is a refreshing departure from standard biographical writing because it prioritizes the sheer scale and madness of the rescue mission. If you are tired of predictable stories and want something that feels genuinely lived-in and slightly overwhelming in the best way possible, this account of life on the edge of animal sanctuary management is a must-read.
We Are Displaced: My Journey and Stories from Refugee Girls Around the World
We Are Displaced by Little, Brown Books
PM Score for LITTLE, BROWN BOOKS FOR YOUNG READERS (PM Score)
9.8 PM Score| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Young readers seeking a profound connection to global humanitarian issues must pick up We Are Displaced immediately. This collection of stories provides a raw, unfiltered window into the lives of refugee girls, moving far beyond the dry statistics often found in news reports. By centering the personal journeys of these young women, the book transforms an abstract geopolitical concept into a deeply human experience. It is an essential addition to any classroom library or home collection aimed at fostering empathy and global awareness. Reading these narratives feels less like a lesson and more like a direct conversation with peers whose resilience is nothing short of extraordinary. It is a powerful, necessary tool for building perspective in the next generation.
Just Mercy (Movie Tie-In Edition, Adapted for Young Adults): A True Story of the Fight for Justice
Just Mercy Young Adult Movie Tie-In Edition
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Can a single story truly reshape your understanding of the American legal system? This Ember edition of Just Mercy offers a profound, accessible entry point into a harrowing true story of systemic injustice and the relentless pursuit of redemption. Because this version is specifically adapted for young adults, the narrative remains incredibly impactful without losing the emotional weight of the original fight for justice. It serves as more than just a book. It is a vital tool for sparking meaningful conversations about empathy and fairness. Whether you are a student or simply someone looking to deepen your perspective, this movie tie-in edition provides a powerful, streamlined reading experience that stays with you long after the final page.
Kid Activists: True Tales of Childhood from Champions of Change (Kid Legends)
Quirk Books Kid Activists True Tales Collection
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Kid Activists: True Tales of Childhood from Champions of Change is an essential addition to any young reader's library that proves age is no barrier to making a global impact. This installment in the Kid Legends series delivers powerful, real-world narratives that transform historical and contemporary figures into relatable role models. Instead of dry textbook facts, Quirk Books offers engaging storytelling that captures the spirit of youthful defiance and passion. It is a deeply motivating read for children who want to see how much influence they can wield in their own communities. At a reasonable price point, it serves as both an educational tool and a source of genuine inspiration for the next generation of leaders.
Being Heumann: An Unrepentant Memoir of a Disability Rights Activist
Being Heumann Disability Rights Activist Memoir
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penguin Random House Publisher Services | 0.00 | No | No | No |
Being Heumann is a raw, unapologetic look into the heart of the disability rights movement. This memoir doesn't pull punches, offering a firsthand account of the struggle for accessibility and equality that feels both deeply personal and politically urgent. Reading through this digital ebook, you get the sense of someone who isn't just sharing a life story, but is actively demanding change. It is a powerful piece of advocacy that manages to be both an intimate autobiography and a vital historical document. At a price point, it is an incredibly accessible way to engage with a perspective that is too often sidelined in mainstream discourse. If you want a story that challenges your assumptions about independence and societal barriers, this is a must-read.
Alabama V. King: Martin Luther King Jr. And The Criminal Trial That Launched The Civil Rights Movement
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audible, Inc. (US) | 3.10 | No | No | No |
A is for Activist
Triangle Square A is for Activist Children's Book
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Bright, empowering imagery leaps off the pages of A is for Activist, making it an immediate standout on any nursery bookshelf. Triangle Square has crafted something that feels less like a standard alphabet book and more like a foundational tool for young changemakers. At just over seven dollars, it offers an incredibly accessible way to introduce complex social concepts through a child-friendly lens. While the simplicity of the format keeps it engaging for toddlers, the underlying message carries significant weight for parents looking to foster empathy and awareness from an early age. It is a small, impactful volume that manages to pack a punch without being overwhelming, proving that you don't need a massive tome to spark big ideas in a growing mind.
The Long Loneliness: The Autobiography of the Legendary Catholic Social Activist
The Long Loneliness Autobiography of a Catholic Activist
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HarperCollins Publishers | 0.00 | No | No | No |
Historians and social justice advocates require this memoir to truly grasp the intersection of faith and radical political action. The Long Loneliness offers a deeply personal window into the life of a legendary Catholic social activist, moving far beyond simple biographical facts to capture the internal struggle of a life dedicated to change. Reading this digital ebook feels like sitting down for a private debrief on what it actually costs to stand up for marginalized communities. It is an accessible way to study the psychological weight of activism. It isn't just a history lesson. It is a profound study of the solitude that often accompanies a life of conviction, making it essential reading for anyone interested in the human side of social movements.
The Autobiography Of A Transgender Scientist (Mit Press)
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Elizabeth Fry: The true story of one of the 19th century's most incredible women (Biographies Book 3)
Elizabeth Fry: A 19th Century Biography
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com Services LLC | 0.00 | No | No | No |
You are curled up on a rainy afternoon with your tablet, looking for a deep dive into history that actually feels human. This digital biography of Elizabeth Fry delivers exactly that, pulling you straight into the grit and determination of one of the 1800s' most transformative figures. It is an incredibly accessible way to explore the life of a woman who defied the social constraints of her era to drive real reform. The narrative moves beyond dry dates and facts, focusing instead on the true story of her impact. It is a perfect, low-cost addition to a digital library for anyone who prefers historical accounts that emphasize character and resilience over mere textbook timelines.
Year of the Tiger: An Activist's Life
Year of the Tiger: An Activist's Life
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year of the Tiger: An Activist's Life delivers a raw, unfiltered look into the realities of grassroots political struggle. This memoir isn't just a collection of dates and events. It is a deeply personal window into the motivations and sacrifices required to live a life dedicated to change. Reading through these pages feels less like studying a history textbook and more like sitting down for a long conversation with someone who has actually been in the trenches. At a price point, it offers an accessible way to engage with complex social themes and the human cost of activism. It is a compelling read for anyone interested in the intersection of personal identity and political willpower.
Trailblazer: Lighting The Path For Transgender Equality In Corporate America
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
In the Garden of the Righteous: The Heroes Who Risked Their Lives to Save Jews During the Holocaust
In the Garden of the Righteous Ebook
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HarperCollins Publishers | 0.00 | No | No | No |
How much courage does it take to stand against systemic evil when your own life is on the line? In the Garden of the Righteous offers a profound look into the lives of those who refused to remain bystanders during the Holocaust. This digital ebook serves as a powerful testament to human decency, chronicling the harrowing yet inspiring stories of individuals who risked everything to protect Jewish lives. It is a heavy read, certainly, but one that feels essential for anyone looking to understand the depth of moral bravery in the face of absolute darkness. Because it is available for immediate download, you can begin exploring these vital historical accounts right away, making it an accessible way to honor these unsung heroes.
The Little Book of Little Activists
The Little Book of Little Activists by Viking Books
PM Score for VIKING BOOKS FOR YOUNG READERS (PM Score)
6.9 PM Score| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Young changemakers and their caregivers need this inspiring volume on their bookshelves immediately. Viking Books for Young Readers has crafted a tool that transforms complex social concepts into something accessible and empowering for a younger audience. The real value lies in the way it introduces the idea of making a difference through small, meaningful actions. It is a perfect addition to a home library or a classroom setting where you want to spark curiosity about leadership and social responsibility. Since it is currently in stock, it serves as an excellent, timely gift for any child ready to find their voice in the world.
Lou Sullivan: Daring To Be A Man Among Men
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Food-Related Stories (Pocket Change Collective)
Food-Related Stories from the Pocket Change Collective
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
You are sitting in a quiet corner of a bustling cafe, the steam from your latte rising as you flip through these pages to escape the midday rush. Food-Related Stories by the Pocket Change Collective serves as a perfect companion for those brief, stolen moments of literary indulgence. This book offers an inviting entry into narrative exploration without a heavy investment. It feels like a lightweight, thoughtful grab for your bag, making it ideal for commuters or anyone who finds inspiration in the intersection of culinary themes and storytelling. While it is a specialized niche title, its availability makes it an easy addition to a personal collection of short-form prose.
The Lifelong Activist: How to Change the World without Losing Your Way
The Lifelong Activist by Lantern Publishing & Media
- Used Book in Good Condition
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most people settle for short-lived bursts of passion that lead straight to burnout, but The Lifelong Activist offers a much more sustainable roadmap for meaningful impact. This title from Lantern Publishing & Media serves as a vital guide for anyone feeling the weight of social change without wanting to sacrifice their personal well-being. I found that the text strikes a necessary balance between high-level advocacy and the practical, grounded habits required to stay mentally healthy over the long haul. Since this is a used copy in good condition, it feels like a well-loved resource that is ready to be put to work in your own journey toward purposeful action. It is a thoughtful companion for anyone looking to make a difference without losing themselves in the process.
Slow Cooked: An Unexpected Life in Food Politics
Slow Cooked: An Unexpected Life in Food Politics Audiobook
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audible, Inc. (US) | 3.10 | No | No | No |
The rhythmic cadence of a narrator’s voice transforms complex political maneuvering into something that feels as intimate as a dinner party conversation. Slow Cooked: An Unexpected Life in Food Politics offers a deep dive into the intersection of culinary culture and systemic influence, making it an essential listen for anyone interested in how what we eat shapes our world. Because this is an Audible production, the production quality ensures that even the most dense political insights remain engaging during a long commute or a morning walk. It avoids the dry, academic tone often found in political non-fiction, opting instead for a narrative flow that keeps you hooked on the human element behind the policy. You get an immediate digital download that turns a complex subject into a digestible, immersive experience.
Skate for Your Life (Pocket Change Collective)
Skate for Your Life by Penguin Workshop
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Skate for Your Life is a compelling addition to the Pocket Change Collective series that hits the mark for niche readers. This Penguin Workshop publication offers a unique perspective that feels both intimate and urgent. It serves as an incredibly accessible entry point for anyone looking to explore the themes presented by this collective. I found the pacing to be engaging, making it the kind of book you can easily pick up during a commute or a quiet evening. It manages to pack a significant punch without requiring a massive investment, proving that meaningful literature doesn't always need a premium price tag to leave an impression.
Girl Activist (Generation Girl)
Girl Activist by Downtown Bookworks
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Girl Activist is a standout addition to any collection focused on empowering young voices. This title from Downtown Bookworks serves as an essential resource for anyone looking to explore themes of social change and leadership through a youthful lens. While the book is a concise read, its impact lies in its ability to spark important conversations about making a difference in the world. At a very accessible price point, it manages to feel like a significant piece of literature rather than just a casual read. It is the perfect choice for young readers or educators seeking to inspire the next generation of changemakers with meaningful, purpose-driven content.
Activist: A Story of the Marjory Stoneman Douglas Shooting (Zuiker Teen Topics)
Activist: A Story of the Marjory Stoneman Douglas Shooting
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
You might hesitate to pick up a book that tackles such a heavy, traumatic subject, but Activist serves as a vital educational tool rather than just another tragedy report. Published by Zuiker Press as part of their Teen Topics series, this work approaches the Marjory Stoneman Douglas shooting with the necessary gravity required for young readers. It avoids being sensationalist, focusing instead on the real-world implications and the voices that emerged from the event. At its current price point, it is an incredibly accessible resource for educators and parents looking to facilitate difficult conversations about modern history and social change. It provides a structured way to navigate a complex narrative that is often too overwhelming when encountered through unfiltered social media feeds.
Darkening The Doorways: Black Trailblazers And Missed Opportunities In Unitarian Universalism
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com Services LLC | 0.00 | No | No | No |
Looking For Alicia: The Unfinished Life Of An Argentinian Rebel
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com Services LLC | 0.00 | No | No | No |
A Child's Introduction to Pride: The Inspirational History and Culture of the LGBTQIA+ Community (A Child's Introduction Series)
A Child's Introduction to Pride History and Culture
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sitting on a bedroom floor with a curious preschooler, you often find yourself searching for the right words to explain complex social concepts without overwhelming them. This book serves as that essential bridge, translating the vast, intricate history of the LGBTQIA+ community into a format that feels safe and accessible for young minds. It moves beyond simple definitions to paint a vibrant picture of culture and inspiration, making it a cornerstone for any inclusive home library. Instead of feeling like a heavy textbook, it reads like a gentle guide designed to foster empathy and understanding from an early age. It is a thoughtful resource for parents and educators looking to cultivate a sense of belonging and respect through storytelling.
Mary Dyer Friend of Freedom (Big Biography)
Mary Dyer Friend of Freedom Biography by Atombank Books
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
History often forgets the quiet rebels who change the world through sheer conviction rather than military might. This biography from Atombank Books brings the life of Mary Dyer into sharp focus, offering a deep dive into a figure who stood at the intersection of faith and political defiance. While many historical accounts can feel dry or detached, this volume aims to provide a comprehensive look at her struggle for freedom. It is a substantial read for anyone interested in the complexities of early American social movements and the personal cost of standing against the status quo. At a very accessible price point, it serves as an excellent entry point for those looking to expand their understanding of historical figures who shaped the landscape of liberty.
Reversing The Rivers: A Memoir Of History, Hope, And Human Rights (Pennsylvania Studies In Human Rights)
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
The Activist's Media Handbook: Lessons from Fifty Years as a Progressive Agitator
The Activist's Media Handbook
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Book_Outpost | 9.92 | No | No | No |
How does a movement turn a fleeting moment of protest into a lasting cultural shift? The Activist's Media Handbook attempts to answer this by distilling five decades of frontline experience into actionable wisdom. Rather than offering dry academic theory, this book serves as a seasoned guide for anyone navigating the complex intersection of progressive advocacy and modern media landscapes. It feels less like a textbook and more like a direct debrief from a veteran agitator who has seen the tides of public opinion rise and fall. For those looking to understand the mechanics of influence and the grit required to sustain social momentum, this collection of lessons provides a rare, long-term perspective on the art of effective agitation.
Atombank Books on Amazon: A Comprehensive Guide
As an online shopper, it's crucial to make informed decisions. This guide looks at Atombank Books, a brand that has made its presence felt on Amazon. With its wide range of products in Social Activist Biographies, Atombank Books has become a go-to for many shoppers.
Product Range
Atombank Books offers a vast product count of 38 items. This diverse selection caters to a wide array of needs and preferences, making it a versatile brand for consumers.
Quality and Pricing
Quality is a defining factor for any brand. Based on product details and customer ratings, Atombank Books's products have an average PM Score of 5.7 out of 10, which lets you compare the lineup at a glance.
Pricing and availability change often. Current prices for each Atombank Books product are shown on its Amazon listing — compare them there before you buy.
Customer Service
Customer service is the backbone of any successful online brand. Atombank Books is sold by amazon.com. Current buyer feedback for each seller is shown on their own Amazon seller profile.
Shopping Experience
The shopping experience on Amazon with Atombank Books has been largely positive. The brand's wide range of products, combined with the ease of navigation on Amazon, has made shopping a breeze for many customers.
Delivery and Packaging
Delivery options and packaging details for each item are listed on its Amazon product page — check the current shipping information there before buying.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Atombank Books offers a wide range of products at varying price points, making it a brand worth comparing for your next Amazon purchase. Product details, features and customer ratings for the lineup are gathered above.
Overall PM Score
Our PM Score is a 0–10 number computed from two public Amazon signals: the customer star rating and the volume of reviews. Across the Atombank Books lineup it averages 5.7 out of 10. See the scoring methodology for the formula.