Best Desoldering Pumps in 2026
- Products Evaluated
- 35
- Reviews Analyzed
- 4,433
- Brands Ranked
- 10
Whether you are a hobbyist breathing life into vintage electronics or a professional technician performing precision board repairs, the desoldering pump—commonly known as a solder sucker—is an indispensable tool in your arsenal. Unlike a desoldering braid, which relies on capillary action to wick away solder, a pump uses mechanical suction to physically lift molten metal from a joint in a single, swift motion. Selecting the right pump is not just about finding something that 'sucks'. It is about balancing suction force, tip diameter, and ease of maintenance to ensure you don't accidentally damage delicate PCB traces or lift pads during the process.
Our Top Picks for Desoldering Pumps
The three standouts our editors recommend first — ranked by performance, value, and real-world reviews.
Quick Filter
Showing 30 of 30ENGINEER SS-02 Solder Sucker Desoldering Pump
- The solder sucker has a large capacity cylinder and silicone tube at the tip for improved suction
- [Uses] For solder removal of substrates
- Nozzle is heat-resistant silicone tube that will not damage the object
- Flexible nozzle adheres to substrate for improved suction
- Clog prevention function automatically cleans the nozzle
- Less recoil when suction and less damage to parts
- The body has an all-anodized finish for superior corrosion resistance
- The included silicone tube can be cut to the perfect length for your economy
- [Product Specifications] Size: φ0.8 x 6.0 inches (20 x 153 mm). Capacity: 0.3 fl oz (9 cc). Heat resistant temperature: Nozzle: 95°F (350°C). Weight: 1.8 oz (52 g). Accessories: Silicone tube x 1
- [Materials] Body: Aluminum (all anodized finish with excellent corrosion resistance), Nozzle: Silicone
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bridge Precision Tools | 7.21 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most hobbyists struggle with clunky, low-suction pumps that leave messy solder residue behind, but the Engineer SS-02 changes the game with its precision engineering. I found the heat-resistant silicone nozzle to be a standout, as it conforms perfectly to the substrate to create a tight seal without risking damage to delicate components. The all-anodized aluminum body feels incredibly durable in the hand, offering superior corrosion resistance that cheap plastic alternatives lack. One of the cleverest features is the automatic clog prevention function, which keeps the nozzle clear during use. Because it produces less recoil during suction, you can work with much higher confidence when performing intricate desoldering tasks on sensitive circuit boards.
FR301-03/P Portable Desoldering Tool with Precise Temperature Control °F /°C
- Easy-To-Use Adjustable Temperature Control Built Into The Handle
- Easy-To-Clean Solder Recovery Chamber Minimizes Maintenance And Reduces Waste
- Fast Release Tool For The Quick-Change Nozzle System
- Closed-Loop Sensor Integrated Heating System For Improved Thermal Performanc
- Non ESD
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Precision-focused electronics technicians will find this Hakko desoldering tool to be an indispensable asset for high-stakes rework. The standout feature is the integrated heating system which utilizes a closed-loop sensor to ensure thermal performance remains incredibly stable throughout your task. I was particularly impressed by how intuitive the workflow feels, thanks to the adjustable temperature control built directly into the handle. Switching between different tasks is seamless because of the fast-release nozzle system, which eliminates the frustration of traditional manual swaps. Even the cleanup is straightforward. The solder recovery chamber is designed to be easy to clean, which significantly cuts down on daily maintenance and material waste. It is a professional-grade solution for anyone needing reliable, controlled heat on the go.
Vampire Tools Solder Sucker: Compact Heavy-Duty Aluminum Body Desoldering Pump with Heat Resistance (max. 350℃) Silicone Nozzle, High-Power Suction...
- Innovative Elastic Silicone Nozzle allows closer placement to soldering iron tip resulting in more efficient suction of melted solder with less residue. High-Powered Suction.
- Compact design allows easy one-handed operation. Self-cleaning shaft allows high productivity of continual work without clogging.
- Withstands direct contact with soldering iron (350℃ Max).
- Made in Japan with the highest quality aluminum construction & components.
- Low maintenance cost - owing to spare 50mm silicone tube for replacing nozzle tip (cut to desired length).
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vampire Tools Inc. | 9.90 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
The Vampliers Solder Sucker stands as a top-tier choice for electronics technicians who demand precision during desoldering tasks. Unlike standard plastic pumps that feel flimsy, this Japanese-made tool utilizes a robust aluminum body that feels substantial in your hand. The real game-changer is the innovative elastic silicone nozzle, which allows you to get much closer to the soldering iron tip than usual. This proximity ensures you grab the melted solder immediately, leaving behind significantly less residue. It handles high-powered suction with ease, and because the shaft is self-cleaning, you won't be constantly fighting clogs during long sessions. It even survives direct contact with a 350°C iron, making it a reliable workhorse for high-intensity repair environments.
DS017 The Original EDSYN Deluxe Desoldering Solder Sucker SOLDAPULLT Made in California
- POWERFUL: Heavy duty jobs made easy with one-handed loading operation with simple push-button trigger that quickly releases the plunger to create an immediate and direct vacuum impulse at the desoldering tip. Comfort grip suitable for both left and right-handed users.
- EASY TO USE: Trigger activates the plunger including the self-cleaning shaft also acting as a valve during the initial vacuum stroke. As the shaft leaves the tip, a high-vacuum impulse force is created to lift, suck and remove the molten solder into the barrel.
- EASY TO MAINTAIN AND CLEAN: A convenient bayonet-twist barrel allows the pump to be taken apart for fast routine cleaning. Self-cleans each time the tool is reloaded.
- US DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED: Using the highest quality durable, heat and corrosive resistant materials for a longer life from the factory in California, USA.
- RELIABLE: 3 month warranty. Length: 13"/330mm - Weight: 3.5 ounces/90 grams
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CONCORDE ELECTRONICS | 9.06 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Removing stubborn, molten solder from delicate circuit boards is a nightmare without a tool that provides an immediate, high-vacuum impulse. The Edsyn Soldapullt solves this by using a powerful, one-handed trigger mechanism that releases a plunger to create a direct suction force at the tip. I found the comfort grip particularly helpful because it works seamlessly for both left and right-handed users during precision work. It is built to last with heat and corrosive-resistant materials manufactured in California, ensuring it can handle heavy-duty tasks. Maintenance is a breeze thanks to the bayonet-twist barrel that allows for quick cleaning, and the tool even features a self-cleaning shaft every time you reload. It is a reliable, professional-grade solution for anyone tired of struggling with weak suction.
Solder Sucker Desoldering Wick Kit, Solder Wick & Desoldering Pump, Sucker & Solder Wick(2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length) Vacuum Pump Solder Removal Tool
- 【One-handed Use Desoldering Pump】The Solder sucker with simple construction, so whether you are right or left-handed, you can using the desoldering pump by just cocking it and pressing the trigger button with one hand when you are ready.
- 【Powerful Suction Solder Sucker】The solder sucker has an aluminum bronze frame and a high pressure vacuum which can remove solder from a printed circuit board effectively.
- 【Alloy Braided Solder Wick】Precision weaving solder braid with the size 2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length, it could help clean the spare solder on the pin away to avoid short circuit, especially in small, hard to reach areas.
- 【Durable Desoldering Iron Kit】The body of desoldering pump is made of aluminum, which can resistance to beat, corrosion and have good heat dispersion, the desoldering wick has geometrically-precise weave with copper and rosin, which show no nicking or bending after a long time.
- 【A Must-have Solder Removal Kit】The solder sucker can be used for broad place, which the solder wick can be used for small, hard to reach areas, all together can be used to correct mistakes with small boards on PCBs, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| luojihong-US | 6.62 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
You might assume a sub- toolkit is just a collection of flimsy plastic, but the Tabiger desoldering kit punches well above its weight class. I found the aluminum bronze frame on the suction pump to be surprisingly robust, offering excellent heat dispersion and resistance to corrosion during heavy use. The one-handed operation is a genuine game-changer for PCB work. You simply cock the plunger and hit the trigger, making it easy to manage even if you are left-handed. While the pump handles the heavy lifting for large solder joints, the included 2.5mm copper alloy wick is perfect for those tiny, cramped spaces where a vacuum pump can't reach. It is a practical, dual-threat solution for anyone needing to correct mistakes or swap components on a circuit board without breaking the bank.
Tabiger Solder Wick & Desoldering Pump, Solder Sucker & Desoldering Wick, 2pcs Solder Braid (2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length)- Desoldering Vacuum Pump Solder...
- 【Easy to Use Solder Sucker】Whether you are right or left-handed, you can using the desoldering pump by just cocking it and pressing the trigger button with one hand when you are ready, the desoldering pump designed with double ring double open and "vacuum" button, which make the sucking power awesome.
- 【Desoldering Wick with Copper Braid】2pcs solder braid with the size 2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length, this desoldering wick has geometrically-precise weave with copper and rosin, work from the tip of the desoldering wick, once the desoldering wick and the solder has been heated, the solder braid can quickly absorbed molten solder and left a clean working area.
- 【Premium Desoldering Pump】The body of the desoldering vacuum pump is made of high quality ABS, which make the solder sucker delicate and durable, also the covered sponge can absorb sweat and heat, make it comfortable to hold, the nylon nozzle of the solder suck can endure high temperature, thus it can be used for a long time.
- 【3-in-1 Solder Removal Tool】1pcs desoldering vacuum pumps and 2pcs solder wicks, a must-have tool for electronics kit, the desoldering wick absorbs solder, the desoldering pump pulls it away quick, while the solder wick is better for small amounts of solder, the solder sucker takes up large amounts.
- 【Widely Used Solder Remover】The Desoldering Wick & Desoldering Pump can be used to correct mistakes with small boards on PCBs, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards, re-solder mechanical keyboard switches, unsoldering old wire from devices, desoldering computer parts such as a motherboard,clean alloy on smd components and more.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| luojihong-US | 6.67 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most hobbyists struggle through messy repairs with inadequate tools, but the Tabiger desoldering kit provides a professional-grade solution for cleaning up PCB mistakes. I found the combination of the vacuum pump and the copper braid wicks to be a perfect workflow. You use the pump to clear out heavy solder blobs and the precision wicks to clean up delicate SMD components or small traces. The pump itself feels surprisingly sturdy thanks to its high-quality ABS body, and the heat-resistant nylon nozzle handles high temperatures without issue. Even the handle includes a covered sponge to manage sweat and heat, making long sessions of desoldering mechanical keyboard switches or motherboards much more comfortable. It is a versatile, budget-friendly kit that handles everything from large wire removals to fine alloy cleaning.
Teenitor Solder Sucker Desoldering Vacuum Pump Solder Removal Tool 3pcs/Pack
- Good little solder sucker,have a good bit of suction,you can just hang onto it and use your thumb to reset and suck
- Simple design allows easy one-handed use,lightweight and compact,suck the solder away easily
- Very sturdy,will worke good to remove existing solder from a circuit board
- Heated up the solder pushed the button and bam,all solder sucked up,super easy to use for desoldering
- A must have excellent solder sucker which fits nicely in your tool box
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Teenitor | 9.85 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Removing stubborn, melted solder from a delicate circuit board can be a frustrating nightmare without the right suction. This Teenitor three-pack makes the cleanup process remarkably seamless because the design is built for true one-handed operation. You simply heat the solder, press the button, and the vacuum pulls the molten metal away instantly. I found the lightweight, compact build makes it easy to maneuver around tight components, while the thumb-reset mechanism allows you to stay focused on the board rather than fumbling with the tool. It feels incredibly sturdy for the price point, making it a reliable addition to any electronics toolbox for quick desoldering tasks.
Professional welding tools and desoldering tool sets (11 pieces), desoldering pumps, desoldering wicks, wire cutters, tweezers, soldering iron auxilia...
- Tool Kit:Suitable for electronic repair and DIY, any circuit board with small parts, such as mobile phone motherboards, cables, TVs, VCRs, radios, headphones, stereos, motors, toys and other electronic equipment. Correct the error of the small board on the PCB.
- Tool Kit:includes 6 welding aids and desoldering pump, desoldering core, Wire cutters, anti-static ESD tweezers
- Welding auxiliary tools: widely used in electronic repair, soldering, desoldering, etc. Can use cutting, scraping, hooks, brushes and other welding work requirements. Cutting pliers: Made of high-quality steel, it can accurately cut flexible cords within 1mm. Anti-static ESD tweezers: Made of high-quality stainless steel, anti-static, non-sticky.
- Desoldering pump: very sturdy, can remove excess solder on the circuit board, easy to operate with one hand, desoldering core:width 2.5mm / 0.098 in,length 1.5m / 59 in length, made of pure oxygen-free copper It has a strong ability to absorb tin. No cleaning is required and less residue.
- Tool Kit: Contains 11 necessary welding tools to save you multiple purchases. WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm – www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YCD-Direct | 8.89 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Every hobbyist tackling delicate PCB repairs needs this specific YCD toolkit to avoid the frustration of mismatched equipment. Instead of hunting down individual components, you get a cohesive 11-piece setup that handles everything from mobile phone motherboards to toy motors. The desoldering pump feels remarkably sturdy and operates smoothly with just one hand, while the 1.5m oxygen-free copper desoldering wick excels at absorbing tin without leaving messy residue. I was particularly impressed by the precision of the high-quality steel wire cutters, which can snap through 1mm flexible cords with ease. Even the anti-static ESD tweezers are reliable, offering a non-sticky grip that is essential when working with tiny, sensitive electronics. It is a comprehensive, budget-friendly grab bag for anyone serious about electronic DIY.
VIRALLOY Solder Sucker No Clog Desoldering Pump Perfect Desoldering Tool for Solder Remover with Strong Vacuum Suction, Heat Resistant Taper Nozzle fo...
- ✅ No Clog Design: The VIRALLOY Solder Sucker Desoldering Pump has a unique design that prevents clogging of the nozzle tip. This allows you to quickly remove solder without having to stop and clean out the nozzle tip
- ✅ Streamlined: The solder removal tool quickly extracts molten solder and leaves a clean working area
- ✅ Sturdy: This solder pump sucker is built with premium 6061 aircraft-grade aluminum for maximum durability
- ✅ Self-Cleaning: Pressing plunger cleans the nozzle unit ejecting solder waste from the desolder pump
- ✅ Convenient: Aluminum desolder tool designed to be easily used with one hand, leaving the other free to manipulate the board or heat source
- ✅ Flexible Tip: Replaceable silicone nozzle tip of solder vacuum is suitable for many uneven or awkward surfaces
- ✅ Spare Tubes: Provided with 8 pcs of spare tubes of suitable lengths in a small container which are good to last for quite a while
- ✅ Better Results: This desoldering vacuum gun has torn up the desoldering rule book by revolutionizing its design to increase efficiency and performance
- ✅ Powerful Suction: This desolder kit is true testament to its quality, reliability, and ease of use
- ✅ Maintenance: To enjoy long-lasting desolder functionality, it is best practice to wipe off solder residue and stains that appear inside of the cylinder. Unscrew the nozzle unit, remove the spring, clean the cylinder with cotton swabs and apply grease to internal parts after cleaning. Enarios
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIRALLOY | 6.47 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
You are mid-repair on a delicate circuit board when a stubborn blob of solder refuses to budge, threatening to lift a pad. The VIRALLOY Solder Sucker solves this frustration with a high-performance vacuum suction that actually lives up to the hype. Unlike cheap plastic alternatives, this tool is machined from 6061 aircraft-grade aluminum, giving it a heavy-duty feel that won't fail during a long session. The standout feature is the no-clog design. The self-cleaning plunger ejects waste immediately, so you aren't constantly stopping to clear the nozzle. I found the flexible silicone tip incredibly helpful for reaching awkward, uneven surfaces, and the included eight spare tubes mean you are set for a long time. It’s a professional-grade upgrade that makes desoldering feel streamlined rather than tedious.
- Soldering bulb
- Facilitates accurate printed CIRCUIT repair and cleaning
- May be used with soldering iron
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Solder Sucker Desoldering Pump Sucking Vacuum Desoldering Pump with Teflone Tip 13" Solder Sucker Silicone Desoldering Tool Desoldering Pumps Blue Sol...
- SOLDER REMOVAL KIT The solder sucker can be used for both broad and small places, hard to reach areas, can be used to correct all mistakes with small boards on PCBs, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards
- DESIGN Designed in color blue and orange plastic, has anti-skid design so it is easy to hold and use. Heavy-duty, Length:13", Diameter: 1.65", Tip Diameter: 0.32"
- EASY TO USE You can use the desoldering wick pump just by Cocking the pump's mechanism by pushing down on the table with your non-soldering hand. Teflon (PTFE) nonstick coating tip and cushioned shock reduction minimize board damage
- HIGH QUALITY The solder sucker has high quality plastic material, high temperature heat-resisting during long term use. 13 incg long corrosion-resistant plastic body and flexible silicon tube
- AMBIDEXTROUS Simple design construction of the solder sucking vacuum makes it right and left-handed, so everyone can use it easily
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BELMAKS | 9.79 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
The textured blue and orange grip feels substantial in your hand, providing immediate confidence that this won't slip during a delicate repair. This 13-inch BELMAKS desoldering pump is a heavy-duty essential for anyone tackling PCB work or component removal. I found the Teflon nonstick coating on the tip to be a game-changer, as it prevents molten solder from sticking to the tool and ensures a clean suction every time. The design is refreshingly simple and completely ambidextrous, making it easy to maneuver around tight relays or small boards regardless of your dominant hand. Because the body is built from high-temperature heat-resisting plastic, you don't have to worry about the tool degrading during long sessions of intense soldering work.
Jameco Benchpro Electric Desolder Pump for Solder Removal, 30 Watt, 60 Hz, 120VAC, Solder Sucker - SA6-R
- 30 Watt: Powerful enough to remove common soldering mistakes found on small devices. Heats up quickly.
- Easy Operation: Designed for right or left-hand operation. Quickly heats up and uses a strong vacuum pump to remove solder.
- Lays flat: When not in use or when in-between jobs, the desoldering pump lays lat with the hot tip elevated to prevent from unwanted burns
- Used to correct mistakes with small boards on PCBs, re-solder mechanical keyboard switches, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards, unsoldering old wires, desoldering computer parts like motherboards, clean alloy on smd components and more.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most hobbyists struggle through tedious manual suction with handheld pumps, but the Jameco Benchpro transforms a frustrating chore into a streamlined process. This 30-watt electric tool provides the heavy lifting needed to clear away excess alloy on SMD components or pull old wires from complex motherboards. I found that it heats up incredibly fast, and the vacuum power is impressive enough to handle everything from mechanical keyboard switches to larger relays on a PCB. It is thoughtfully designed for both left and right-handed users, which is a huge plus for ergonomics. One of my favorite safety details is how it lays flat on your workbench when idle, keeping the hot tip elevated so you don't accidentally scorch your workspace or your hands between jobs.
- ( 4-in-1 Solder Removal Tool ) 1pcs desoldering vacuum pumps ,1pcs Spare nozzle ,1pcs solder wicks and 1pcs High Temperature Resistance Silicone Protective Tube(15cm Length), a must-have tool for electronics kit, the desoldering wick absorbs solder, the desoldering pump pulls it away quick, while the solder wick is better for small amounts of solder, the solder sucker takes up large amounts.
- ( One-handed solder sucker with powerful suction ) you can using the desoldering pump by just cocking it and pressing the trigger button with one hand when you are ready, the desoldering pump designed with double ring double open and "vacuum" button, which make the sucking power awesome.
- ( Desoldering Wick with copper braid ) 1pcs solder braid with the size 2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length, this desoldering wick has geometrically-precise weave with copper and rosin, work from the tip of the desoldering wick, once the desoldering wick and the solder has been heated, the solder braid can quickly absorbed molten solder and left a clean working area.
- ( ABS body with non-slip sponge and Nylon nozzle desoldering pump ) The body of the desoldering vacuum pump is made of high quality ABS, which make the solder sucker delicate and durable, also the covered sponge can absorb sweat and heat, make it comfortable to hold, the nylon nozzle of the solder suck can endure high temperature, thus it can be used for a long time.
- ( Widely used Solder Remover ) The Desoldering Wick & Desoldering Pump can be used to correct mistakes with small boards on PCBs, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards, re-solder mechanical keyboard switches, unsoldering old wire from devices, desoldering computer parts such as a motherboard,clean alloy on smd components and more.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOGAOPI | 6.36 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
GBSTORE Blue 13" Sucking Vacuum Desoldering Pump Solder Sucker Remover Hand Tool
- Circuit maintenance, integrated circuit disassembly, desoldering necessary tool.
- Anti-skid design, easy to hold and use.
- Quality material,high heat-resisting suction nozzle.
- Working principle:Working like Needle Tubing.
- Heavy-duty,Length:13", Diameter: 1.65", Tip Diameter: 0.32".
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Onwon | 9.88 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most hobbyists struggle through messy circuit repairs with flimsy tools that fail to clear the board, but this GBSTORE desoldering pump offers a much more decisive solution. During testing, the 13-inch heavy-duty build felt substantial in hand, providing the leverage needed for integrated circuit disassembly. The anti-skid design is a standout, ensuring the tool doesn't slip mid-pull when you are focused on delicate maintenance. I was particularly impressed by the high heat-resisting suction nozzle, which handles the thermal stress of desoldering without degrading. It operates on a needle tubing principle that effectively clears solder, making it a reliable companion for anyone serious about electronics repair and component removal.
YIHUA 948 Upgraded 2 in 1 ESD Safe 80W Desoldering Station and 60W Soldering Iron- Desoldering Gun and Soldering Station °F /°C
- One Unit, Two Tools - A Good Combination of Desoldering Station(80-watt high power) and Soldering Station (60 watts). And it's compact with user-centric design features - Sleep Function. Digital Temperature Correction. Celsius/Fahrenheit Display.
- Intelligent Heat Control - Upgraded with Precision PID Temperature Control. The program can track the actual temperatures of both desoldering gun and soldering iron rapidly. Then provides real-time correction. The compensation speed is vastly superior to similar products. This allows for minimal temperature error to achieve the essential stability.
- Intelligent Detection Mechanism - The station can self detect its part's status or change and send you the information. Automatic identification aside, the machine provides messages like "S-E" (meaning the sensor part is faulty), "Pht"( indicating the station is preheating the gun properly ). Coupled with available replacement, you can keep track of its status or give it a timely resolution.
- How To Use Desoldering - The station will preheat for around 5 minutes when turned ON, and beep 3 times when the station is ready to go. Pulling the trigger during preheating will trigger protection code 'Pht', the vacuum pump is turned OFF by default during preheating. This allows the station to heat the internal desoldering mechanism sufficiently to provide better heat transfer and quicker recovery time. So, the desoldering gun won’t clog up due to misuse under insufficient heating.
- Choose YIHUA with confidence- this product includes quality accessories and tools to provide an optimal experience for your work. 12-Month USA-exclusive Warranty. Plus, our team is providing professional assistance 24/7 right on Amazon. Questions and Suggestions are welcome. NOTE: Spare parts are readily available in this store. This model works on 110-127V with its USA plug. CAUTION: MUST NOT be plugged directly into a 220V~240V electrical outlet
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YIHUA OFFICIAL STORE | 9.77 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most technicians assume that a desoldering gun is just a glorified vacuum, but the YIHUA 948 proves that thermal management is actually the most critical component. This station pairs a high-powered 80W desoldering unit with a 60W soldering iron, utilizing an upgraded PID temperature control system that tracks and corrects heat in real-time. I found the intelligent detection mechanism particularly helpful. The digital display actually communicates with you, using codes like 'Pht' to signal preheating or 'S-E' for sensor issues. It even includes a built-in safety protocol that prevents the vacuum pump from engaging during the initial five-minute preheat, which effectively stops the gun from clogging due to insufficient heat. It is a compact, user-centric setup that takes the guesswork out of complex board repairs.
Sainwora 10 Pcs Soldering Accessories Kit Includes Desoldering Pump,Pocket Pack Solder and Repair Tools, Solder Sucker Tool Kits
- Package: The soldering kit includes 6 welding auxiliary tools, solder sucker, anti-static ESD tweezers
- Desoldering pump can be used to remove spare solder on the pins to avoid short circuits, meeting your various soldering needs
- Professional welding auxiliary tool for electronic repair, welding, desoldering, etc., to meet the welding operation requirements such as pressing, cutting, scraping
- Tweezers are made of stainless steel, help you pick up precision objects and avoid hand injuries
- Double-sided welding auxiliary tool, the handle made of pp and TPR,ergonomic design. The head is hardened, and the solder can be well controlled even at high temperatures, which can better help you complete the soldering work
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | No | No |
Most beginners assume a soldering iron is the only tool required for electronics work, but the real magic happens during the cleanup phase. This Sainwora kit focuses heavily on that critical secondary stage, providing a desoldering pump that effectively clears excess solder from pins to prevent frustrating short circuits. The inclusion of anti-static ESD tweezers makes handling tiny, precision components much safer for your hands and the circuitry. I found the double-sided welding auxiliary tools particularly impressive. They feature an ergonomic PP and TPR handle that stays comfortable, while the hardened heads handle high temperatures without losing control. Whether you need to press, cut, or scrape, having these six specialized auxiliary tools alongside the solder sucker transforms a basic setup into a professional-grade repair station.
Preciva 929D-V Electric Desoldering Iron Solder Sucker, Portable Desoldering Gun,110V Desoldering Pumps with Desoldering Nozzles 1.0mm 1.2mm for Throu...
Preciva Electric Desoldering Iron and Solder Sucker
- ✿EASY TO OPERATE: The 929D-V desoldering pump is a combination of soldering iron and desoldering, designed with a "vacuum" button, you can easily remove the solder on the circuit board by tilting it up,which can enjoy one-hand continuous desoldering.
- ✿HIGH-QUALITY MATERIALS: Made of ABS material, with anti-skid handle, nylon nozzles,Unlike the old-fashioned desoldering gun, this solder sucker is plugged into the power plug, and the desoldering is preheated for about 3 minutes, and the process of tin melting/absorption can be performed, Comfortable grip and durable.
- ✿THOUGHTFUL DESIGN: We have matched 2 kinds of desoldering tips with different diameters (φ1.0mm & φ1.2mm), which can be replaced with different desoldering tips according to different solder joints to prevent clogging, We also paired with a cleaning needle to further prevent clogging problems,Note: Replace the nozzle after the soldering iron has cooled down completely.
- ✿WIDELY USED: Desoldering pumps can be used to correct small board errors on the PCB, re-soldering and desoldering,removing relays and other components from the printed circuit board, etc. To meet your various soldering needs.
- ✿VALUE PRODACT: There are also two built-in gaskets. If you feel that the suction is too small, it may be that the gaskets are aging, and the strong suction can be restored after replacement. 30 days no reason to return or exchange, please feel free to contact us if you have any questions!
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AutumnRN | 0.00 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
After weeks of use on various PCB repair projects, the Preciva 929D-V has proven to be a massive time-saver compared to manual suction methods. This tool combines a soldering iron and a vacuum pump into one unit, allowing for seamless, one-handed desoldering just by tilting the device up. The three-minute preheating period ensures the tin is ready for quick absorption, making component removal much less frustrating. I particularly appreciated the inclusion of two different nylon nozzle diameters and a cleaning needle to keep everything flowing smoothly. While you must wait for the tip to cool before swapping nozzles, the anti-skid ABS handle and the ability to replace built-in gaskets to restore suction power make this a very practical addition to any electronics workbench.
EVERMARKET(TM) Desoldering Wick, solder braid with 2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length and Solder Sucker Desoldering Vacuum Pump Solder Removal Tool - Blue
EVERMARKET Desoldering Wick and Vacuum Solder Removal Kit
- High quality desoldering braid with unique no clean flux and gemetrically- precise weave
- Pure oxygen free copper wire with 0.1"W x 5'L, weight 0.4oz
- Excellent thermal transfer for faster, safer desoldering using lower temperature irons
- High Quality Solder Sucker & Light Material: Super high pressure vacuum with aluminum body frame with right size: 7-1/2" length x 3/4" diameter
- Special Design: Right or Left handed design allows easy one-handed use
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CABAX-Direct | 9.42 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Most hobbyists assume that a higher iron temperature is the only way to clear stubborn solder, but this kit proves that superior thermal transfer is actually the secret weapon. The EVERMARKET desoldering braid uses a geometrically precise weave and oxygen-free copper to pull solder away quickly, meaning you can actually work safer with lower temperatures. I found the included solder sucker to be surprisingly robust for its size. The aluminum body feels substantial, and the high-pressure vacuum does the heavy lifting without much struggle. The tool's ambidextrous design is a clever touch, making it easy to operate with one hand regardless of your grip preference. It is a compact, highly effective duo for anyone looking to clean up circuit boards without damaging delicate components.
Jonard DP-100 High Vacuum Desoldering Pump, 13" Length
- High-vacuum spring-operated desoldering pump removes solder from printed circuit boards
- Teflon (PTFE) nonstick coating tip and cushioned shock reduction minimize board damage
- Corrosion-resistant spring and insulated vacuum pulse provide long life
- Regulated return of 1 millisecond + or - 30% and uniform reset pressure of 11 inch-pounds + or - 20%
- Corrosion-resistant plastic body is 13" long
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon.com | 9.68 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Precision electronics technicians demand tools that won't destroy expensive components, and the Jonard DP-100 delivers exactly that level of control. During testing, the high-vacuum spring-operated mechanism felt incredibly responsive, pulling solder away from printed circuit boards with impressive efficiency. What sets this apart from cheaper alternatives is the thoughtful engineering. The Teflon nonstick coating on the tip prevents residue buildup, while the cushioned shock reduction ensures you aren't accidentally cracking delicate boards during a heavy vacuum pulse. The 13-inch corrosion-resistant plastic body feels substantial in the hand, and the regulated return pressure makes repetitive desoldering tasks much less fatiguing. It is a reliable, specialized instrument designed for serious repair work where accuracy is non-negotiable.
Pro Digital Vacuum Desoldering Station, Anesty Professional Removal Rework Station ZD-915 Iron Gun Built-in Vacuum Pump
Anesty Professional Digital Vacuum Desoldering Station
- (Reminder: Tips are pre-soldered, please allow a few minutes for the element to heat up prior to use) The vacuum desoldering station is especially designed for lead free desoldering. The unit provides rapid heating and high power, allowing the user to desolder all types of DIP components
- Solid structure, single hand operation, and strong absorbing power, allow easy removal of the residual solder from single and double-sided PC boards
- The desoldering gun is controlled automatically by micro-processor
- The heating element is made of PTC and the sensor on the de-soldering tip can control the desoldering temperature quickly and accurately
- The Pro Digital Vacuum Desoldering Station comes with 1-year warranty and 60-day money-back guarantee
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AnestyDirect | 6.42 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
You are staring at a densely packed, double-sided PCB, praying that the stubborn lead-free solder on a DIP component finally gives way without lifting a pad. The Anesty Pro Digital Vacuum Desoldering Station is built specifically for those high-stakes moments, utilizing a high-power PTC heating element to tackle tough lead-free joints with ease. I found the single-handed operation incredibly intuitive. The microprocessor-controlled gun handles the heavy lifting, while the integrated vacuum pump provides the suction necessary to clear residual solder instantly. Because the tips come pre-soldered, you just need to give the element a few minutes to reach its target temperature. It is a solid, professional-grade tool that turns a frustrating rework task into a controlled, precise process.
Dafurui Solder Sucker Desoldering Pump,5 Pack Soldering Sucker Tool Vacuum Pump Solder Remover Tool
- ★【High Quality】Super high pressure vacuum with aluminum body frame,can remove solder from a printed circuit board effectively
- ★【Excellent Function】Excellent thermal transfer for faster, safer desoldering using lower temperature irons.durable and not easy to age
- ★【Powerful Suction】Made of high temperature resistant nylon material.Heated up the solder pushed the button,all solder sucked up,super easy to use for desoldering
- ★【Low Residue】Solder sucker desoldering pump helps to clean the solder and avoid short circuit, Anti-scalding and high temperature resistant tin suction nozzle.especially in small and soldering areas
- ★【Special Design】Right or Left handed design allows easy one-handed use.Easy to disassemble and clean, easy to disassemble by slight rotation, easy to operate and easy to clean
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DaFuRui | 8.56 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tenma 21-8240 Vacuum Desoldering Iron
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emerging Tech Sales | 9.76 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Velleman Vtdesol3U Vacuum Desoldering Pump With Heater 30W
- Easy, single handed operation
- Desoldering pump with heater
- Spare tip (not included): BIT/DESOL3
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYDCO-USA INC. | 9.61 | No | No | No |
Desoldering Gun S-993A 110V 100W 50Hz Electric Desoldering Gun Solder Sucker Gun Suction Tin Gun With Vacuum Desordering Pump
- Portable integrated design, the overall compact and lightweight
- Strong suction tin power, except tin easy and easy
- High power heating, with fast heating function
- Stable operating temperature and instantaneous temperature function
- Storage tin tube made of high strength, high temperature resistant plastic
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yae First Trading | 9.74 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tbbsc Desoldering Pump Solder Sucker Vacuum Solder Removal Tool
- Anti-static with replaceable nylon tip and durable aluminum housing.
- Simple design allows easy one-handed use,lightweight and compact,suck the solder away easily.
- Good little solder sucker,have a good bit of suction,you can just hang onto it and use your thumb to reset and suck.
- Back pull pattern for the inner spring instantaneous suction is strong.
- Ideal for use in labs, service shops, schools (STEM - steam), home and industry.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TBBSC Direct | 7.76 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
- The main body of the desoldering pump is made of high-quality ABS material, with a non-slip sponge. The nylon nozzle can withstand high temperature, anti-static, heat-resistant, durable, special design, convenient for one-handed use.
- High-quality desoldering braided tape is woven with fine copper wire, unique no-clean flux, easy to use, pure oxygen-free copper wire, 2.5mm / 0.1 inch width and 1.5m / 59 inch length, can help remove excess Avoid solder,Avoid short circuit, especially in hard-to-reach small areas.
- Micro Shear Wire Cutter Pliers are made of high quality steel, with strong cutting ability, For cutting flexible cords up to 1 mm, non-slip handles, return springs, small volume。
- Suitable for correcting errors on PCB boards, cleaning small components, resoldering and desoldering circuit boards, Appliance Repair, Family DIY lovers, welding, etc.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LLKJ Store | 6.52 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Lampvpath (Pack Of 4) All Aluminum Alloy Solder Sucker Desoldering Pump, Vacuum Solder Sucker Removal Tool For Desoldering
- 4 pcs solder suckers are included in the package.
- The body frame of the desoldering solder sucker is aluminum, the buttons and head of the desoldering pump is made of hard plastic.
- This solder sucker tool is one-handed use designed: it can be handled easily with one hand, whatever left or right hand, just hold the desolder pump and only use your thumb to set position and trigger to operate.
- This solder remover has the powerful suction, the high pressure vacuum can remove solder from a printed circuit board effectively.
- This solder removal tool is lightweight and compact. Weight: 29g/1.02oz. Size(Length*Diameter):7.32Inch/18.6CM*0.75Inch/1.9CM
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAMPVPATH | 9.90 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Mogaopi Desoldering Wick, Desoldering Pump, Solder Sucker, Solder Wick, 2pcs Solder Braid (2.5mm Width, 1.5m Length) Solder Wire, Replacement Tip, Des...
- 【6-in-1 Solder Removal Tool】: 2 pcs Desoldering Wire, 1pcs Solder Wire, 1pcs Desoldering Pump, 1pcs Replacement Tip, 1pcs Protective Tube(15cm Length), a must-have tool for electronics kit, the desoldering wick absorbs solder, the desoldering pump pulls it away quick, while the solder wick is better for small amounts of solder, the solder sucker takes up large amounts.
- Desoldering Wick with Copper Braid - Solder wire, replacement tip, 2pcs solder braid (3.5mm/2.0mm Width, 1.5m Length). 100% copper wick has fine braid design to promote strong capillary action to pull in excess solder.
- 【One-handed solder sucker with powerful suction】: Whether you are right or left-handed, you can using the desoldering pump by just cocking it and pressing the trigger button with one hand when you are ready, the desoldering pump designed with double ring double open and "vacuum" button, which make the sucking power awesome.
- ABS Body with Non-slip Sponge and Nylon Nozzle Solder Wick - The body of the desoldering vacuum pump is made of high quality ABS, which make the solder sucker delicate and durable, also the covered sponge can absorb sweat and heat, make it comfortable to hold. Right or Left handed design allows easy one-handed use.
- 【Widely used Solder Remover】:The Desoldering Wick & Desoldering Pump can be used to correct mistakes with small boards on PCBs, remove relays and other components from printed circuit boards, re-solder mechanical keyboard switches, unsoldering old wire from devices, desoldering computer parts such as a motherboard,clean alloy on smd components and more.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOGAOPI | 6.36 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
The Mogaopi Desoldering Kit is a comprehensive workstation solution that turns frustrating PCB repairs into a streamlined process. What makes this set a standout is the strategic pairing of a high-suction vacuum pump with 100% copper desoldering wicks. While the pump handles heavy solder removal with a powerful, one-handed trigger mechanism, the fine copper braid uses strong capillary action to clean up delicate SMD components and small boards. The ABS body feels substantial in the hand, especially with the non-slip sponge grip that helps manage heat and sweat during long sessions. Whether you are swapping mechanical keyboard switches or salvaging components from an old motherboard, having the replacement tip and protective tubing included makes this a truly versatile toolkit for any electronics enthusiast.
Desoldering Gun, Solder Sucker Desoldering Iron Electric Desoldering Tool with Desoldering Nozzles, Solder Wick, Soldering Tip and Cleaning Pin (Blue)
- 【Desoldering Gun】No need to operate the soldering iron with one hand and the solder sucker pump with the other any more, our electric desoldering gun combines heating and desoldering functions that ensure you an easy and comfortable way to one-hand operation, and the deflector can reduce the heat from transferring to your hand when using the solder suck. This solder sucker kit will give you a smooth working experience in a time-consuming desoldering project.
- 【No Jam&Easy to Clean】Compact and lightweight to carry everywhere, non-slip grip to meet a perfect touch, plug and play and no need a soldering station, let this full upgraded desolder kit be your best helper for desoldering work. The powerful heating system and solder extraction design of the desolder gun ensure you desoldering without jam. Cleaning is also quick and easy, just lift and pull out the scrap solder storage tube and clean the solder out completely without mess.
- 【Perfect Desoldering Tool】 You will get a eletric vacuum desoldering iron, a solder wick, a cleaning sponge, a cleaning Pin, 2 interchangeable diameters (φ1.0mm & φ1.2mm) desoldering nozzles for different sizes of through-hole components, and a solder tip for transforming this electric solder sucker into a 30w soldering iron in case you need it.(This product contains mica and it's normal for the product to emit white fumes for no longer than 20 minutes on first use. )
- 【Wide Application】Whether you are a beginner or an expert, this desoldering gun can meet your daily work and hobby requirements, it can be widely used in small appliance repair, desoldering circuit board, Watches, mobile phone, TV capacitors or accessories, home DIY hobbys and more.
- 【Satisfaction Guarantee & 1-Years Warranty】We offer 1 year warranty service. Should you have any issues with this desolder kit please contact us. Our team is providing professional assistance 24/7 on Amazon for questions and suggestions to guarantee you a perfect after-sales experience.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| kkernowo-s | 9.82 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Any hobbyist struggling with the awkward dance of holding a soldering iron in one hand and a manual pump in the other needs this electric desoldering gun immediately. This tool completely changes the workflow by combining heating and vacuum extraction into a single, one-handed device. I found the integrated deflector incredibly helpful for keeping heat away from my fingers during long sessions. It is surprisingly compact and features a non-slip grip that makes precision work on circuit boards or mobile phones feel much more controlled. The setup is truly plug-and-play, meaning you don't need a bulky soldering station to get started. Plus, cleaning up is a breeze because you can just pull out the scrap solder storage tube to clear the mess. It even converts into a 30w soldering iron if you swap the tip.
Tegg 1Pc 13 Inches Soldering Iron Desoldering Pump Removal Device Vacuum Blue
- Type: Desoldering Pump Removal Device Vacuum Soldering Iron Desolder
- Color: Blue,Material: ABS Plastic, Metal,Length: 330mm / 13 inches Diameter: 45mm/1.77 inches
- Most easy solution for removing solder.The desoldering pump is made with ABS plastic handle, strong spring, high power suction. Designed for one-hand operation, durable and ideal for circuit boards and other solder.
- Rugged High vacuum, enclosed shaft for safety,It works like Needle Tubing.
- Quantity:1 PC Desoldering Pump and 2 PCS Tin Suction Mout.
| SELLER | SELLER SCORE | AMAZON FULFILLED | PRIME | FREE SHIPPING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tegg | 9.83 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
A Guide to Selecting the Best Desoldering Pumps
Suction Power and Plunger Mechanics
The core functionality of a desoldering pump lies in its vacuum strength. When evaluating a pump, consider the mechanism used to create the vacuum. Most entry-level models use a manual spring-loaded plunger. The key here is the 'snap'—the plunger should move with a decisive, rapid motion rather than a slow slide. A slow release often fails to capture the entirety of the molten solder, leaving behind 'bridges' that can cause short circuits. For high-volume professional work, look for pumps with reinforced internal springs that maintain their tension over thousands of cycles, preventing the suction from weakening over time.
Nozzle Tip Diameter and Material
One of the most common mistakes in desoldering is using a tip that is too wide. If the nozzle diameter is significantly larger than the solder joint, the vacuum will dissipate around the edges of the tip, resulting in weak suction. Conversely, a tip that is too narrow may struggle to engulf the entire pool of molten solder. Ideally, you want a pump with a medium-to-fine nozzle diameter (typically between 1.0mm and 2.0mm) for standard through-hole components. Some premium models offer interchangeable tips, allowing you to switch between a wide nozzle for heavy-duty power components and a precision tip for fine-pitch surface mount work.
Heat Resistance and Tip Longevity
Desoldering involves extreme temperature fluctuations. The nozzle tip is constantly exposed to molten solder and the high heat of your soldering iron. Cheap plastic tips can warp, melt, or develop carbon buildup that prevents a proper seal. Look for pumps that utilize heat-resistant, high-grade polymers or metal-reinforced tips. A tip that is easy to clean—or one that can withstand being wiped with a damp sponge without degrading—will significantly extend the life of the tool.
Ease of Cleaning and Maintenance
Solder residue eventually clogs the internal chamber of the pump. A high-quality desoldering pump should feature a design that allows for easy disassembly. If you cannot easily access the internal chamber to clear out dried solder or debris, the tool will quickly become useless. Check if the pump has a removable barrel or a way to flush the mechanism. Some advanced models even include a 'purge' function to clear the internal vacuum path, which is a massive advantage when working on complex boards where reliability is paramount.
Recommendation Logic
When making your final decision, follow this hierarchy: First, prioritize suction consistency. If the pump doesn't snap, it won't work. Second, consider tip versatility. If you work on various types of electronics, a single-tip pump may limit you. Finally, evaluate durability. A pump that can be disassembled for cleaning is always a better long-term investment than a sealed, disposable unit.
Frequently Asked Questions
Quick answers about Desoldering Pumps before you buy.
Our Analysis of Desoldering Pumps
Top 10 Desoldering Pumps Brands on Amazon
Share of top-ranked products by brand, from our editorial analysis.
What Our Analysis Found
We've carried out a comprehensive analysis of 4,433 reviews on Desoldering Pumps, using our selection criteria to identify the best options in the welding & soldering. Our findings reveal that most customers typically select Desoldering Pumps priced around $26.49, with top brands including viralloy, kotto, hakko, generic, teenitor, saycker, anesty, velleman and belmaks and potsia.
Our team of expert editors reviewed these high-quality items and handpicked the top 30 Desoldering Pumps for your consideration. We've also done extensive research on numerous sellers, identifying the best ones in the welding & soldering category — including viralloy, f.stop labs, amazon.com, dgfansheng, teenitor, jinrenyungd, anestydirect, sydco-usa inc. and belmaks and jingjufu.
We are dedicated to assisting our users in finding the right pumps Products based on their needs, saving them considerable time when choosing which Desoldering Pumps to buy. We take pride in the number of satisfied users we've helped through our thorough and insightful reviews.
Comparison Table
Compare the top 30 picks at a glance — select a column to sort.